Animal Farm: Stalin And Napoleon :: Animal Farm Essays

The novel Animal Farm, by George Orwell, was an allegory about the Russian Revolution in which the author used a farm and it’s members to symbolize major characters and their actions. In this composition, I will reveal to you many of Joseph Stalin’ s important contributions and how they relate to the actions of Napoleon from Animal Farm. I will break this topic down into the following three parts, their rise to power, Stalin’s Five Year Plan, and their use and abuse of authority. When Lenin died in 1924, a struggle for power began between Trotsky (Snowball) and Stalin (Napoleon). Trotsky was a brilliant individual, but Stalin was just a simple person whose power was based on allegiances with other members of the communist party rather than on ideas. This is contrary to how Snowball was the more intelligent one of the two and all the sheep and pigs were loyal to Napoleon. Trotsky believed in Russia’s trying to spread communism all over the world as Snowball’s purpose with animalism and Stalin was more focused on the prosperity of Russia, as was Napoleon about the wellness of the farm. By 1929, Stalin had gathered enough resources to exile Trotsky from Russia just as Napoleon did to Snowball. Stalin believed that Russia was one hundred years behind the west. He devised his Five Year Plan to bring Russia up to speed with the rest of the world. This plan included many of Trotsky’s ideas, which Stalin had previously opposed. We can relate this to the building of the windmill in Animal Farm and how Napoleon was against the idea until after the expulsion of Snowball. Russia’s economy was centralized on agriculture with over twenty five million farms. Unfortunately, the majority of these barely produced enough to feed the families of those who worked them. Farmers who had a surplus of produce were called kulaks. Stalin decided he would "liquidate the kulaks as a class" under collective agriculture. He believed that once the population of "those just getting by" saw the benefits that they would receive from these state-run farms, they would immediately approve, and that’s just what they did. Unfortunately for Stalin, the kulaks did not li ke this idea. In protest, they destroyed their livestock and tools and burned their crops or let them rot in the fields. This event is displayed in Animal Farm when Napoleon decides to sell the chickens' eggs for the benefit of the farm.

Lindsey Weightman Electoral Process Conservative

Green Party In groups, research the Political party you have selected: Local Election Follow a 4 year cycle. Not all councils vote at the same time. Councillors are elected ‘by thirds' for a period of 4 years (One councillor being elected per year for 3 years, and no Local election in 4th year). Who can stand for election? 21 years of age or over. British, Commonwealth or Republic of Ireland Citizen. Must be nominated by at least 10 registered electors of that constituency. If representing a party, consent must be gained.If you are not representing a party, you are classed as ‘Independent'.  £500 deposit when registering, refundable if you receive 5% or more of the vote. A prisoner serving 12 months or more in custody can not stand for election. Just for Local: An individual can stand if they are a member of a European Union Nation Candidate Selection Process If standing as an Independent representative, there is no selection procedures. Existing MPs are usually approve d to stand when being re-elected. Political parties generally have more representatives than seats.Political parties vigorously select potential candidates to improve their chances of winning. The selection process is similar to selection for the Uniformed Public Services. Sift of C. V, personal statement, application form and aptitude tests. Local interviews sometimes take place. Shortlists consisting of only women have been known to take place. What do you think about this? Period of an election Mayors typically keep their post for 1 year. Councillors up to 4 years. MP's up to 5 years. After these periods, they must either stand down or be re-elected.Types of voting Polling office, usually a church hall, school or a community centre. ‘First past the post'- an individual steps in to a booth and casts their vote anonymously by making an ‘X' next to the candidate they wish to vote for. Postal voting. Voting by Proxy. Internet voting. In order to be a DEMOCRATIC society, t he representatives who serve on our behalf both Locally and Nationally must be elected by the people of the Nation. General Election Maximum term for a parliament is 5 years, 3 weeks. Tends to occur every 3. 5- 5 years. The Prime Minister decides when the election will be.Local and General 1-5 years depending on the position held: The party in power at the time decides when the election is to be held. (Within a 5 year period). Party in power has the chance to change things just prior to the election- generally things like lowering taxes. Why would they do that? Superior funding for larger parties such as Labour and Conservative. Independents and smaller parties are at a disadvantage. Influence of Political parties Political campaigning TASK Create a Political Poster for your party (Chosen at the start of the session) Other ways of campaigning: Tv Radio Newspapers PostersPersonal interviews Public meetings Leaflet distribution First Past the Post (Westminster and Local Elections) Add itional Member System (Scottish Parliament, Welsh Assembly and Greater London Assembly) Supplementary Vote (Mayor of London) Single Transferable Vote (Northern Irish Assembly) List System (European Parliament) Different election processes Basis of British electoral system Very clear cut and well defined Candidate with highest number of votes wins FPTP is used in both general and local elections First past the post Advantages of First past the post It allows decisive political change.By providing an outright winner, the system ensures that a party has a mandate to carry out its programme. Easy for the voter to understand. Strong links between MP and constituents, due to single member constituencies. Strong single party governments. The winning Party may not have won the overall majority of votes cast. The chance of anomalous results is increased. Encourages the tactical voting technique, known as ‘compromising’. Disadvantages of Firstpast the Post Voters must rank candid ates on the ballot paper in order of preference If a candidate receives 50% or more of the first preferences, they are elected If not then the candidate with the lowest number of first choices is eliminated and their second choices distributed to other This continues until one candidate has a clear majority The Alternative vote Ensures the winner has a majority Strong bond between candidates and constituents is maintainedRemoves issue of wasted votes Extreme left or right wing parties would be unlikely to get enough support to be elected Does not give parties proportion of seats there votes have earned Time consuming and more complex than FPTP. This is a system which tries to match the proportion of votes cast with the proportion of seats a party receives For example, under PR, if you received 35% of the vote you should get 35% of the seats in parliament Represents wishes of voters as a whole Minority parties end up with fairer share of seats Increases opportunities for independents Can be difficult if no party has clear majorityCan lead to unstable coalition governments Proportional representation TASK 2 As a member of the coalition government you have been tasked by the Cabinet to look at the various electoral processes available after Liberal Democrat election promises to reform the voting system in the UK. The leaflet will then be distributed to the general public. This is a highly controversial subject as Conservatives promised not to reform the voting system whilst Liberal Democrats vowed to make the system fairer. As such your leaflet needs to be as descriptive and in depth as possible so that the public can form their own opinion on which voting system they prefer. In the form of a leaflet you should: Explain electoral processes used in UK elections (P3) andCompare the electoral processes used at different levels of government in the UK (M2). GUIDELINES FOR ASSESSMENT TASK 2 When explaining the electoral process for P3, learners only need to include on e election process and ensure that they clearly identify to which level of government it relates. The explanation should be detailed in its content and will be expected to identify the complete process from the initial application to stand for election to the declaration of the vote, including the voting system that is used. Evidence for M2 must include a comparison of the election process for the elected representatives for at least two levels of government. Lindsey Weightman Electoral Process Conservative Green Party In groups, research the Political party you have selected: Local Election Follow a 4 year cycle. Not all councils vote at the same time. Councillors are elected ‘by thirds' for a period of 4 years (One councillor being elected per year for 3 years, and no Local election in 4th year). Who can stand for election? 21 years of age or over. British, Commonwealth or Republic of Ireland Citizen. Must be nominated by at least 10 registered electors of that constituency. If representing a party, consent must be gained. If you are not representing a party, you are classed as ‘Independent'.  £500 deposit when registering, refundable if you receive 5% or more of the vote. A prisoner serving 12 months or more in custody can not stand for election.Just for Local:An individual can stand if they are a member of a European Union Nation Candidate Selection Process If standing as an Independent representative, there is no selection procedures. Existing MPs are usually approved to stand when being re-elected. Political parties generally have more representatives than seats. Political parties vigorously select potential candidates to improve their chances of winning. The selection process is similar to selection for the Uniformed Public Services. Sift of C.V, personal statement, application form and aptitude tests. Local interviews sometimes take place. Shortlists consisting of only women have been known to take place. What do you think about this? Period of an election Mayors typically keep their post for 1 year. Councillors up to 4 years. MP's up to 5 years.After these periods, they must either stand down or be re-elected. Types of voting Polling office, usually a church hall, school or a community centre. ‘First past the post'- an individual steps in to a booth and casts their vote anonymously by making an ‘X' next to the candidate they wish to vote for. Postal voting. Voting by Proxy. Internet voting. In order to be a DEMOCRATIC society, th e representatives who serve on our behalf both Locally and Nationally must be elected by the people of the Nation. General Election Maximum term for a parliament is 5 years, 3 weeks. Tends to occur every 3.5- 5 years. The Prime Minister decides when the election will be. Local and General 1-5 years depending on the position held: The party in power at the time decides when the election is to be held. (Within a 5 year period).Party in power has the chance to change things just prior to the election- generally things like lowering taxes. Why would they do that?Superior funding for larger parties such as Labour and Conservative.Independents and smaller parties are at a disadvantage. Influence of Political parties Political campaigning TASKCreate a Political Poster for your party(Chosen at the start of the session) Other ways of campaigning: Tv Radio Newspapers Posters Personal interviews Public meetingsLeaflet distribution First Past the Post (Westminster and Local Elections) Additiona l Member System (Scottish Parliament, Welsh Assembly and Greater London Assembly) Supplementary Vote (Mayor of London) Single Transferable Vote (Northern Irish Assembly) List System (European Parliament) Different election processes Basis of British electoral system Very clear cut and well defined Candidate with highest number of votes wins FPTP is used in both general and local elections First past the post Advantages of First past the post It allows decisive political change. By providing an outright winner, the system ensures that a party has a mandate to carry out its programme. Easy for the voter to understand. Strong links between MP and constituents, due to single member constituencies. Strong single party governments. The winning Party may not have won the overall majority of votes cast. The chance of anomalous results is increased. Encourages the tactical voting technique, known as ‘compromising’.Disadvantages of First  past the Post Voters must rank candidat es on the ballot paper in order of preference If a candidate receives 50% or more of the first preferences, they are elected If not then the candidate with the lowest number of first choices is eliminated and their second choices distributed to other This continues until one candidate has a clear majority The Alternative vote Ensures the winner has a majority Strong bond between candidates and constituents is maintained Removes issue of wasted votes Extreme left or right wing parties would be unlikely to get enough support to be elected Does not give parties proportion of seats there votes have earned Time consuming and more complex than FPTP.This is a system which tries to match the proportion of votes cast with the proportion of seats a party receives For example, under PR, if you received 35% of the vote you should get 35% of the seats in parliament Represents wishes of voters as a whole Minority parties end up with fairer share of seats Increases opportunities for independentsCa n be difficult if no party has clear majorityCan lead to unstable coalition governments Proportional representation TASK 2 As a member of the coalition government you have been tasked by the Cabinet to look at the various electoral processes available after Liberal Democrat election promises to reform the voting system in the UK. The leaflet will then be distributed to the general public. This is a highly controversial subject as Conservatives promised not to reform the voting system whilst Liberal Democrats vowed to make the system fairer. As such your leaflet needs to be as descriptive and in depth as possible so that the public can form their own opinion on which voting system they prefer.In the form of a leaflet you should:Explain electoral processes used in UK elections (P3) andCompare the electoral processes used at different levels of government in the UK (M2).GUIDELINES FOR ASSESSMENT TASK 2When explaining the electoral process for P3, learners only need to include one elect ion process and ensure that they clearly identify to which level of government it relates. The explanation should be detailed in its content and will be expected to identify the complete process from the initial application to stand for election to the declaration of the vote, including the voting system that is used.Evidence for M2 must include a comparison of the election process for the elected representatives for at least two levels of government.

CheckPoint: Conflict

Conflict is an inevitable part of life whether it is in relationships, socially, or between nations. Most conflicts arise from differing points of view on actions or goals and how they are handled can lead to a ceasefire or the breakup of one’s relationships. Conflict resolution skills are needed when navigating the stormy waters of conflict. How one perceives the goals and intentions of others can lead to misconceptions. When an individual or group perceives another’s intentions are harmful conflict will arise. It is human nature to believe that one’s group is different or better than another group. Forming an â€Å"in-group bias† will lead one to look for evidence to support one’s negative opinions of others. Stereotyping is often behind negative opinions and misconceptions that lead to conflicts. Perceptions are the way a person thinks or views another so, perceptions would factor greatly into conflicts. A negative mirror-image perception will cause one to over exaggerate the differences often held by parties in conflict; for example, each party may view itself as ethical and peaceable and the other as wicked and hostile. Viewing others in this light will only inflame the controversy and lead to more conflict. Learning how to view conflict differently can bring about peaceable solutions. Certain methods must be employed for reconciliation to occur. Exposure and close proximity will lead to learning more about the other person. A better understanding helps to foster closeness and common interest. If one is around someone regularly, one will learn how to get along with the other person. When parties whom are at odds with each other work together on a common goal, they each learn to develop comradeship. Cooperation can facilitate in conflict resolution as well. Communicating effectively in conflict is huge in learning to resolve issues and have reconciliation. Negotiations when resolving conflicts should include bargaining, mediation and coming to an understanding with each other. If you cannot communicate with someone properly, this will lead to more conflict.

A play Dennis Potter Essay Example for Free

A play Dennis Potter Essay ? Blue remembered hills is a play Dennis Potter. The title is taken from the poem ‘Shropshire lad’ by A. E Houseman. It challenges the perception that childhood is innocent and that all children are pure and ‘nice’. One of the ways he does this is by using adults to play children so the unrealisticness of the play forces adults to focus on the meaning of everything going on in the play. The main meaning of the play is focused around the mindless cruelty of war and how this affects children living through it. The style of the play is flared narration. The play was originally a television play for the BBC in 1979. it was set in rural west country. For our play we are using bright lights to show that we are outside. We are also going to have some stones and sticks on the floor to play with to help us show the kid’s restlessness and constant movement. Could kick them etc. the setting is rural and in 1943 during the 2nd world war, this has affected the children a lot. There is a lot of racist speak about the ‘Ities’ and the ‘Japs’. Then there are the games, also war related. Most of the games revolve around guns and violence. Lastly there is a lot of bragging that the boys do about what they are going to do in the army. In this essay I am also going to refer to ‘my mother said I never should’ by charlotte Keatley and ‘gum and goo’ by Howard Brenton. Charlotte Keatley was a feminist writer. My mother said I never should was first performed in 1087. In 1987 there were stronger roles for women and more active feminist movements in society. The play represents the plight of women and how women were treated in society, both by men and each other. The scene where the women are talking about menstrual cramps or the ‘curse’ as they call it contrasts directly yet is similar to when the boys are talking about the war in blue remembered hills. Both plays show children discussing ‘taboo’ subjects in an open and careless way. Howard Brenton play ‘gum and goo’ was first performed in 1969. Adults didn’t understand learning difficulty’s as well as they do now, in 1006. Ignorance leads to prejudice and eventually tragedy in gum and goo. This play is about an autistic girl who invents two friends, ‘gum and goo’, this character links directly to Raymond in blue remembered hills who has learning difficulties, maybe similar, but less severe to Michelle’s autism. . All three plays have adults playing children. This creates an objective distance so the unreality of the play is so obvious it doesn’t allow the audience to get absorbed into the play. This was the audience is forced to concentrate on the issues and the challenged perceptions of childhood. A play Dennis Potter. (2017, Sep 12).

Art Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art Summary - Essay Example Rather, masculinity is not only displayed through the physical body, but also through the mind and how people conduct themselves nobly (Dyer, 148). The change of interest in body building from solely African Americans to whites made a big impact in the showbiz sector. The rise in many white males who were actively involved in the body building was appealing and led to several analyses of the ‘whiteness’ masculinity. Currently, body building has been portrayed as an art that white men ought to go through to have the ultimate figure. Body building involves several sacrifices, and it has been portrayed similarly to crucifixion (Dyer, 84). Lifting weights is a painful task that the participants endure substantial pain and suffering so as to attain the supreme body shape. Richard Dyer, in his book, discusses the white culture and its effect in history, films, literature and other areas. In this book, dyer writes of the importance of black culture in relation to that of the white one. Dyer brings out the difference in cultures from the black race and the white race and how the media portrays it. The symbolism of how the two cultures are dependent on each other is quite amazing. The example of how a black lighting is used to bring out the whiteness, for example of a blonde and how a white dress in a wedding brings out the glow in a black lady, shows the interracial relationships that can be achieved (Dyer, 104). In this chapter, a lot has been about the representation of the different races on camera, especially the problems that are encountered during filming of the black race, and the necessary steps taken to counter the problems. Several artists were given an assignment to define masculinity, and the results given were more confusing than defining. However, these artists had a common sentiment of masculinity in sports. The images shown by the artists refute the black and white depiction of masculinity and

Virtual Religious Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Virtual Religious Service - Essay Example As for me then, this is just a fundamental way or strategy in order to increase the number of people in the church. With many people coming in and congregating, there would be financial advantage for all the leaders who were successful in building a Christian congregation. The other misconception I have is relevant to self-fulfillment or self-actualisation of a person. I once believed that there must be a strong sense of accomplishment when you can build your group and ensure a large number of followers who are willing to take part under one’s rule. I therefore had a funny thought concerning pastors that their ultimate reason of initiating a church is to gain the advantage of personal satisfaction of taking the pride for establishing a group, and not just ordinary but a multitude. The above were two of my greatest presumptions about Christianity, which have remarkably changed when I happened to observe one of its virtual service and actual discourse with a born-again Christian . The following includes the information I obtained that changed the way I look at Christianity, particularly from the point of view of a born-again Christian. ... The bottom line of his point was eventually pointing to the fact that the world does not know what love can do for our own good. In fact, he managed to show me that if a criminal considered loving his neighbor, he would never end up doing the crime in the first place. If there is love for our neighbor, hatred would never dominate, but understanding, respect and carefree countenance showing love for everyone would have persisted. He also tried to establish the point on what is the ultimate reason of global warming. From his point of view, this happened because of the selfish interest of the capitalists, allowing them not being able to think of the future, but only on how they would add up something to their bank accounts even at the expense of the environment and the inhabitants in general. After these, he introduced me to the point that to love is the ultimate source of other prevailing Christian values, just as how Christ showed love for the humanity as our model. I pondered on this and then I thought that if many people like this man would think like the way he does, I am sure we will be living with peace and far away from troubles. This therefore eliminated my preconceived thought about Christianity and the people in the church. Increasing therefore the number of people in the church, especially those who have born-again experience just as this man would not harm the world, but it would instead give a great chance to change this blue planet for the better. As his concluding point, he told me that Christ’s pattern of discipleship, as an ultimate way to proliferate the Christian values, would make things happen for us for the better. Pastoral ministry is not about fame, but a great responsibility Hearing one of the virtual religious services of a born-again

Article review on war affairs relating to foreign policy

Review on war affairs relating to foreign policy - Article Example This is because of the Budapest Memorandum, as a foreign policy pact for Ukraine to cease the world’s third largest nuclear potential in exchange for peace, but Russia one of the countries that vowed to provide peace is taking it away. Foreign policy development should be in a position to address such backstabbing in future policy agreements. Foreign policy development also hinged on the article’s theory is to ensure the effectiveness of economic sanctions in deterring evil as demonstrated by the inversion of Russia and threat to use nuclear weapons. This is a deviance from previous foreign policy agreements resulting in the need to develop policy to respond to this theoretical issue presented in the article. The other development of foreign policy analysis evident from the theory in the article is the need for the development of proactive and not reactive foreign policies to guard against foreign aggression evidenced by Russia’s inversion of Ukraine. The arguments in the article are persuasive, for example, the argument for the need to prevent the use of nuclear weapons by Russia as this will result in China and Korea following suit. The realization that the agreement for use of nuclear weapons for defensive use only by Russia will make these other countries follow the same to intimidate and pursue their own selfish interests not regarding the impact on other economies. The other argument in the article is breaking of the treaty outlawing the use and testing of cruise and ballistic missiles ranging between 300 and 3400 miles that form the main foundation of the postwar peace. The argument is persuasive because Russia began withdrawing from the treaty t cruise and ballistic missiles of 300 to 3400 ranges showing that the argument holds some ground. The other ground for the argument to be true is that since 2008, Russia has been testing cruise and ballistic missiles of the ranges disallowed by the treaty. I would critic the